WEBVTT 00:00:08.887 --> 00:00:12.978 Care and education 00:00:13.302 --> 00:00:20.791 What educational potential can care have for people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities? 00:00:21.058 --> 00:00:23.998 Well, first of all, education actually means 00:00:23.998 --> 00:00:25.678 that you can acquire culture, 00:00:25.678 --> 00:00:27.438 that you can acquire the richness of 00:00:27.438 --> 00:00:28.718 our culture has to offer, 00:00:28.718 --> 00:00:30.478 the possibilities, the skills, 00:00:30.478 --> 00:00:32.398 perspectives, and so on. 00:00:32.398 --> 00:00:34.678 Care is everything 00:00:34.678 --> 00:00:35.998 where we look after 00:00:35.998 --> 00:00:38.258 for the physical and mental well-being 00:00:38.258 --> 00:00:39.338 of a person. 00:00:41.122 --> 00:00:43.186 If you ask, 00:00:43.186 --> 00:00: 46.926 what educational goals can be pursued in nursing, 00:00:46.926 --> 00:00:49.706 then the realization behind it is 00:00:49.706 --> 00:00:50.626 that it is possible to 00:00:50.626 --> 00:00:52.686 to design care situations in such a way 00:00:52.686 --> 00:00:55.006 that people can learn from them, 00:00:55.006 --> 00:00:56.786 that educational goals are pursued. 00:00:56.786 --> 00:00:57.806 What might these be? 00:00:57.806 --> 00:01:01.946 When it comes to eating, for example, these could be 00:01:01.946 --> 00:01:03.466 learning 00:01:03.466 --> 00:01:05.525 how things taste, 00:01:05.525 --> 00:01:07.846 that you learn, so to speak, the 00:01:08.738 --> 00:01:11.738 So that you get to know the diversity of it, 00:01:11.738 --> 00:01:16.358 how a meal or a drink in our culture 00:01:16.358 --> 00:01:17.238 can taste. 00:01:17,238 And when you perceive and taste that, 00:01:20.698 --> 00:01:23.378 then you can decide, so to speak, 00:01:23.378 --> 00:01:25.778 that suits me, that I like it, 00:01:25.778 --> 00:01:27.118 can develop a preference, 00: 01:27.118 --> 00:01:29.198 you can develop your taste for it. 00:01:29.198 --> 00:01:30.818 And once you've developed a taste for it, 00:01:30.818 --> 00:01:32.278 for a particular meal, for example, 00:01:32.278 --> 00:01:34.218 then that's a good basis for 00:01:34.754 --> 00:01:36.014 being able to decide for yourself. 00:01:36.014 --> 00:01:37.294 Then I can also decide 00:01:37.294 --> 00:01: 39.334 I would rather eat this than something else. 00:01:39.334 --> 00:01:42.394 So when it comes to nutrition, 00:01:42.394 --> 00:01:43.714 take clothing, 00:01:43.714 --> 00:01:46.054 you can also educate yourself. 00:01:46.054 --> 00:01:47.134 So how we dress, 00:01:47.134 --> 00:01:48.214 is also a result 00:01:48.214 --> 00:01:49.654 of our cultural development. 00:01:49.654 --> 00:01:51.774 And when I now, so to speak, 00:01:51.774 --> 00:01:53.554 pieces of clothing, 00:01:53.554 --> 00:01:54.674 then I can try them on and see 00:01:54.674 --> 00:01:56.294 whether I like them or not, 00:01:56.294 --> 00:01:56.954 that suits me, 00:01:56.954 --> 00:01:58.034 I feel comfortable in it. 00:01:58.034 --> 00:01:59.274 So you can also 00:01:59.274 --> 00:02:01.554 appropriate this cultural asset of clothing. 00:02:01.554 --> 00:02:02.734 You can 00:02:04.002 --> 00:02:06.202 communicative skills. 00:02:06.202 --> 00:02:08.542 Language is also an important cultural asset. 00:02:08.542 --> 00:02:10.741 In a care situation, 00:02:10.741 --> 00:02:12.162 you can structure the interaction in such a way 00:02:12.162 --> 00:02:14.622 that communication takes place. 00:02:14.622 --> 00:02:15.562 You can also enable people 00:02:15.562 --> 00:02:19.142 in care to exercise self-determination, 00:02:19.142 --> 00:02:19.882 for example, 00:02:19.882 --> 00:02:21.342 by allowing them to choose 00:02:21.342 --> 00:02:22.642 what they would like to eat 00:02:22.642 --> 00:02:24.582 or how they would like to be cared for, 00:02:24.582 --> 00:02:26.022 how cold the water is 00:02:26.022 --> 00:02:27.862 or how warm, and so on. 00:02:27.862 --> 00:02:30.722 And an important point, 00:02:31.266 --> 00:02:33.066 An important educational goal, 00:02:33.066 --> 00:02:34.986 which can also be pursued in nursing, 00:02:34.986 --> 00:02:36.926 I think, is also something 00:02:36.926 --> 00:02:39.806 that can be described as social education. 00:02:39.806 --> 00:02:42.566 So in the interaction during care, 00:02:42.566 --> 00:02:43.886 when I am dependent on 00:02:43.886 --> 00:02:45.226 another person to care for me, 00:02:45.986 --> 00:02: 47.786 then I have experiences with these people. 00:02:47.786 --> 00:02:48.166 That means 00:02:48.166 --> 00:02:50.246 I also develop an image of the other person. 00:02:50.246 --> 00:02:51.206 I educate myself, so to speak, 00: 02:51.206 --> 00:02:54.226 by forming an idea of the other person, 00:02:54.226 --> 00:02:55.386 of the concrete, 00:02:55.386 --> 00: 02:57.526 but perhaps also of people in general. 00:02:57.526 --> 00:02:59.366 How do people treat me? 00:02:59.366 --> 00: 03:01.186 Do they treat me with care? 00:03:01.186 --> 00:03:03.166 This has something to do with the development of attachment 00:03:03.166 --> 00:03:04.226 for example. 00:03:04.866 --> 00:03:06.846 So what kind of ideas 00:03:06.846 --> 00:03:08.306 about contact with other people, 00:03:08.306 --> 00:03:11.426 of interacting with them can I develop? 00:03:11.426 --> 00:03:12.506 Or is there someone 00:03:12.506 --> 00:03:14.126 who just controls me, 00:03:14.126 --> 00:03:16.566 who treats me as an afterthought? 00:03:16.566 --> 00:03:19.166 Then I develop a completely different idea. 00:03:19.166 --> 00:03:21.306 So that's also a goal 00:03:21.306 --> 00:03:24.126 that you pursue in a care situation, 00:03:24.126 --> 00:03:27. 006 that people form a positive image 00:03:27.006 --> 00:03:29.206 of other people and ideas 00:03:29.206 --> 00:03:31.226 from interacting with them. 00:03:32.815 --> 00:03:41.146 What opportunities and challenges does this present? 00:03:41.698 --> 00:03:43.498 Every day has only 24 hours. 00:03:43.498 --> 00:03:45.778 And when a person 00:03:45.778 --> 00:03:48.338 is dependent on others due to 00:03:48.338 --> 00:03:49.458 their severe impairments, 00:03:49,458 - -> 00:03:52,378 that a great deal of this time is spent 00:03:52.378 --> 00:03:53.738 on caring for them, 00:03:53.738 --> 00:03:56.318 feed him, clothe him, 00:03:56.318 --> 00:03:57.638 take care of his hygiene, 00:03:57.638 --> 00:03:58.498 for his sleep, 00:03:58.498 --> 00:04:00.278 for his movement, and much more. 00:04:00.278 --> 00:04:02.158 So when a person is dependent on others, 00:04:02.158 --> 00:04:04.458 spending a lot of time on care, 00:04:04.458 --> 00:04:06.378 then there isn't much time left 00:04:06.378 --> 00:04:08.678 for special educational opportunities, 00:04:08.678 --> 00:04:09.678 i.e. for lessons, 00:04:09.678 --> 00:04:13.594 for what one would otherwise actually 00:04:13.594 --> 00:04:15.714 under educational offerings. 00:04:15.714 --> 00:04:17.934 That means the potential 00:04:17.934 --> 00:04:19.754 that lies, so to speak, in the use 00:04:19.754 --> 00:04:21.553 of care for educational opportunities, 00:04:21.553 --> 00:04:22.354 is that 00:04:22.354 --> 00:04:24.734 that you can use this time 00:04:24.734 --> 00:04:26.170 that you can use this time, 00:04:26.170 --> 00:04:27.690 which is necessary for care, 00:04:27.690 --> 00:04:29.090 can be used twice, so to speak, 00:04:29.090 --> 00:04:30.150 at the same time, 00:04:30.150 --> 00:04:32.190 that people can also educate themselves, 00:04:32.190 --> 00:04:33.630 that they can learn 00:04:33.630 --> 00:04:34.570 to perceive the world, 00:04:34.570 --> 00:04:35.730 perceive other people, 00:04:35.730 --> 00:04:37.230 form a picture of the world, 00:04:37.230 --> 00:04:39.050 acquiring skills, 00:04:39.050 --> 00:04:40.090 communication, 00:04:40.090 --> 00:04:41.550 developing opportunities, 00:04:41.550 --> 00:04:43.550 practicing self-determination, and so on. 00:04:43.550 --> 00:04:43.990 All of that, 00:04:43.990 --> 00:04:45.610 what I have mentioned. 00:04:45.610 --> 00:04:46.150 That, I think, 00:04:46.150 --> 00:04:49.330 is the real potential of this opportunity, 00:04:49.330 --> 00:04:51.430 to design care in such a way 00:04:51.430 --> 00:04:53.590 that educational processes also take place. 00:04:54.820 --> 00:05:02.759 What is important for educational potential to arise in nursing care? 00:05:02.759 --> 00:05:05.294 So, regarding the conditions for 00:05:05.294 --> 00:05:06.394 this to be possible, 00:05:06.394 --> 00:05:08.114 is, of course, first and foremost, 00:05:08.114 --> 00:05:09.394 that there are people 00:05:09.394 --> 00:05:11.054 who have an idea of 00:05:11.054 --> 00:05:12.174 that it works. 00:05:12.174 --> 00:05:13.354 That means 00:05:13.354 --> 00:05:16.674 it's a question of the qualifications of the people 00:05:16.674 --> 00:05:18.094 who provide the care, 00:05:18.094 --> 00:05:18.874 that they know 00:05:21.218 --> 00:05:21.978 not just any 00:05:21.978 --> 00:05:24.058 caregiving tasks, 00:05:24.058 --> 00:05:25.618 such as ensuring hygiene, 00:05:25.618 --> 00:05:28.278 ensuring they eat, etc., 00:05:28.278 --> 00:05:29.818 but care also means 00:05:29.818 --> 00:05:31.758 that I organize it in such a way 00:05:31.758 --> 00:05:33.838 that these 00:05:33.838 --> 00:05:35.758 described educational processes can take place. 00:05:35.758 --> 00:05:37.318 So that is an important prerequisite. 00:05:37.318 --> 00:05:40.518 The qualification, the attitude, 00:05:40.518 --> 00:05:41.298 the appropriate, 00:05:41.298 --> 00:05:43.858 that I also trust people to do that, 00:05:43,858 - -> 00:05:45,378 that I also know 00:05:45.378 --> 00:05:47.098 that it is every person's right 00:05:47.098 --> 00:05:48.038 to be able to educate themselves 00:05:48.038 --> 00:05:49.710 and that I must also realize this right 00:05:49.710 --> 00:05:50.770 must also realize, 00:05:50.770 --> 00:05:51.750 by, for example, 00:05:51.750 --> 00:05:54.270 organizing care situations accordingly. 00:05:54.270 --> 00:05:56.770 The prerequisites and conditions 00:05:56.770 --> 00:05:58.830 for such care certainly include 00:05:58.830 --> 00:06:03.750 that it may sometimes take more time 00:06:04.354 --> 00:06:06.214 to organize care in this way. 00:06:06.214 --> 00:06:08.594 Actually, these educational processes 00:06:08.594 --> 00:06:10.294 are integrated into the nursing activities, 00:06:10.294 --> 00:06:12.914 but it probably does take a little more time, 00:06:12.914 --> 00:06:16.274 if, for example, when it comes to nutrition, 00:06:16.274 --> 00:06:17.834 I first try to find out 00:06:17.834 --> 00:06:19.054 what he likes now, 00:06:19.054 --> 00:06:21.514 instead of just feeding him a certain food 00:06:21.514 --> 00:06:23.354 or possibly with a feeding tube. 00:06:23.354 --> 00:06:25.034 That's a good example 00:06:25.034 --> 00:06:26.814 even someone who is tube-fed 00:06:26.914 --> 00:06:31.914 should also have the option, in addition to tube feeding, 00:06:31.914 --> 00:06:33.534 should also have the opportunity to 00:06:33.534 --> 00:06:34.934 to smell it, 00:06:34.934 --> 00:06:36.474 to look at it, to taste it, 00:06:36.474 --> 00:06:37.614 what he is taking in, 00:06:37.614 --> 00:06:41.714 so that he can experience this cultural asset of food, 00:06:41.714 --> 00:06:44.814 this cultural asset, this meal or drink, 00:06:44.814 so that he can get to know it 00:06:46.834 --> 00:06:48.194 and then develop an attitude towards it. 00:06:53.218 --> 00:07:08.514 That's why in quality management, 00:07:08.514 --> 00:07:10.054 whose job it is, 00:07:10.054 --> 00:07:14.214 four aspects of quality are addressed, 00:07:14.214 --> 00:07:16.514 which one attempts to influence 00:07:16.514 --> 00:07:18.674 in order to ensure 00:07:18.674 --> 00:07:19.874 that the quality is right. 00:07:19.874 --> 00:07:22.254 The first is concept quality. 00:07:22.254 --> 00:07:23.914 What does concept quality mean here? 00:07:23.914 --> 00:07:26.534 It means that an institution, 00:07:26.534 --> 00:07:28.714 a service, an organization 00:07:28.714 --> 00:07:30.954 has a concept, 00:07:30.954 --> 00:07:32.814 in which this is recorded 00:07:32.814 --> 00:07:35.546 and it is clarified what kind of care 00:07:35.546 --> 00:07:38.506 takes place in this institution or organization. 00:07:38.506 --> 00:07:40.466 So that now such a 00:07:40. 466 --> 00:07:43.566 I would call it participation-oriented care, 00:07:43.566 --> 00:07:46.606 in other words, care that enables 00:07:46.606 --> 00:07:49.546 participate in education and in life in general, 00:07:49.546 --> 00:07:52.586 that such care takes place within the organization. 00:07:52.586 --> 00:07:55.206 So that would be the concept quality. 00:07:55.206 --> 00:07:58.086 Then the second aspect of quality management 00:07:58.086 --> 00:07:59.706 is structural quality. 00:07:59.706 --> 00:08:00.666 That means 00:08:00.666 --> 00:08:02.166 I have to make sure 00:08:02.166 --> 00:08:03.762 that the structural quality is right, 00:08:03.762 --> 00:08:04.842 that the structures are right. 00:08:04.842 --> 00:08:06.202 What are structures? 00:08:06.202 --> 00:08:08.262 Structures are, for example, 00:08:08.262 --> 00:08:09.342 what I mentioned, 00:08:09.342 --> 00:08:12.222 that you have employees 00:08:12,222 - -> 00:08:14,982 who have a certain qualification, 00:08:14.982 --> 00:08:16.142 so they know how to do it, 00:08:16.142 --> 00:08:17.982 who are well qualified for nursing 00:08:17.982 --> 00:08:18.922 in the true sense of the word, 00:08:18.922 --> 00:08:20.302 who are therefore good at providing care 00:08:20.302 --> 00:08:23.262 and who at the same time understand 00:08:23.262 --> 00:08:26.582 how educational processes can be integrated into care. 00:08:26,582 The third factor is process quality, 00:08:28,742 which means 00:08:29.102 --> 00:08:33.357 that is the design of the work processes 00:08:33.357 --> 00:08:34.438 that take place there. 00:08:34,438 - -> 00:08:36,298 So in nursing, that means 00:08:36.298 --> 00:08:40.097 that I communicate within the team, for example, 00:08:40.097 --> 00:08:43.078 how we actually carry out nursing procedures 00:08:43.078 --> 00:08:45.758 with our residents, 00:08:45.758 --> 00:08: 48.418 students, employees, etc., 00:08:48.418 --> 00:08:49.698 depending on who is there. 00:08:49.698 --> 00:08:54.478 And that you communicate about it 00:08:54.478 --> 00:08:55.738 and also discuss it, 00:08:55.738 --> 00:08:56.918 perhaps even in a 00:08:57.314 --> 00:08:59.334 quality manual, 00:08:59.334 --> 00:09:01.554 that care is provided in such and such a way. 00:09:01.554 --> 00:09:02.254 So, for example, 00:09:02.254 --> 00:09:05.314 when we wash someone, 00:09:05.314 --> 00:09:07.634 then they don't just get 00:09:07.634 --> 00:09:08.754 the washcloth on the back of their neck 00:09:08.754 --> 00:09:11.254 or on the neck or on the 00:09:11.254 --> 00:09:14.934 back, but we also use it so that 00:09:14.934 --> 00:09:16.214 that we also check 00:09:16.214 --> 00:09:17.254 if he likes it, 00:09:17.254 --> 00:09:19.114 if he can 00:09:19.682 --> 00:09:20.842 perceive the washcloth, 00:09:20.842 --> 00:09:21.262 he can feel 00:09:21.262 --> 00:09:22.222 whether it is cold or warm, 00:09:22.222 --> 00:09:24.462 he can develop his desires and so on. 00:09:24.462 --> 00:09:27.302 And finally, the quality of the results, 00:09:27.302 --> 00:09:27.942 that is, 00:09:27.942 --> 00:09:30.522 we also have to take care of 00:09:30.522 --> 00:09:32.642 what we do 00:09:32.642 --> 00:09:33.482 in our work, 00:09:33.482 --> 00:09:35.522 for example, in providing good care, 00:09:35.522 --> 00:09:36.262 comes out. 00:09:36.262 --> 00:09:37.782 What is the result of this? 00:09:38.594 --> 00:09:41.974 In the Federal Participation Act, this is referred to as 00:09:41.974 --> 00:09:45.034 effectiveness monitoring or effectiveness testing. 00:09:45.034 --> 00:09:47.674 In the future, we will also be obliged to 00:09:47.674 --> 00:09:48.414 ensure 00:09:48.414 --> 00:09:50.734 that the effectiveness of our measures 00:09:50.734 --> 00:09:52.894 is also regularly reviewed. 00:09:52.894 --> 00:09:56.814 What does that mean specifically in the area of nursing care? 00:09:56.814 --> 00:09:57.194 It means 00:09:57.194 --> 00:10:01.534 that we also regularly check 00:10:01.534 --> 00:10:04.814 whether the care is being provided properly, 00:10:04.814 --> 00:10:05.754 so that it works. 00:10:05.954 --> 00:10:08.574 meets care standards and, secondly, 00:10:08.574 --> 00:10:10.314 whether the care is actually provided 00:10:10,314 as I have described it, 00:10:13.474 --> 00:10:16.554 namely that education can also take place there. 00:10:16.554 --> 00:10:18.054 It is very important 00:10:18.054 --> 00:10:20.034 in terms of the quality of the results is, of course, 00:10:20.034 --> 00:10:23.294 that you ask the people themselves about it. 00:10:23.294 --> 00:10:23.814 That means 00:10:23.814 --> 00:10:24.674 I also have to see 00:10:24.674 --> 00:10:27.034 how satisfied people are with 00:10:27.034 --> 00:10:28.094 what I'm offering them, 00:10:28.094 --> 00:10:29.534 how they are cared for 00:10:29.534 --> 00:10:31.954 and also how they can learn something in the process, 00:10:31.954 --> 00:10:33.094 develop themselves further, 00:10:33.094 --> 00:10:34.674 can acquire something. 00:10:35.266 --> 00:10:37.026 And if that's not possible linguistically, 00:10:37.026 --> 00:10:39.326 then of course also by 00:10:39.326 --> 00:10:41.346 looking closely, 00:10:41.346 --> 00:10:42.026 that I look, 00: 10:42.026 --> 00:10:43.186 how people react, 00:10:43.186 --> 00:10:45.146 what emotions they show, 00:10:45.146 --> 00:10:47.786 what do they show through their physical behavior, 00:10:47.786 --> 00:10:50.946 whether there is care taking place, 00:10:50.946 --> 00:10:51.666 that is 00:10:51.666 --> 00:10:53.346 that meets their needs 00:10:53.346 --> 00:10:55.466 and their capabilities. 00:10:55.830 --> 00:11:04.490 How can education in nursing contribute to the well-being of people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities? 00:11:05.154 --> 00:11:06.774 So nursing alone, 00:11:06.774 --> 00:11:07.294 itself, 00:11:07.294 --> 00:11:08.814 by definition, so to speak, 00:11:08.814 --> 00:11:11.094 the task of providing physical, 00:11:11.094 --> 00:11:13.394 but also for mental well-being. 00:11:13.394 --> 00:11:13.734 That means 00:11:13.734 --> 00:11:16.134 it is the fundamental task of nursing care to 00:11:16.134 --> 00:11:17.234 actually, of course, also 00:11:17.234 --> 00:11:21.054 for people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities. 00:11:21.054 --> 00:11:23.874 If I only organize care in such a way 00:11:23.874 --> 00:11:26.914 that educational opportunities are integrated, 00:11:26.914 --> 00:11:28.774 that you can also educate yourself in the process, 00:11:28.774 --> 00:11:30.734 then I believe 00:11:30.734 --> 00:11:32.114 you can achieve these 00:11:32.386 --> 00:11:34.106 different goals, educational goals, 00:11:34.106 --> 00:11:35.586 which I described at the beginning, 00:11:35.586 --> 00:11:37.566 to empathize with that and see 00:11:37.566 --> 00:11:40.106 how it can also affect 00:11:40.106 --> 00:11:42.546 mental health, 00:11:42.546 --> 00:11:43.906 and mental well-being. 00:11:43.906 --> 00:11:46.346 So first of all, 00:11:46.346 --> 00:11:48.866 when I'm in a nursing situation 00:11:48.866 --> 00:11:50.026 I am very concerned about 00:11:50.026 --> 00:11:52.186 what the other person needs, 00:11:52.186 --> 00:11:53.206 what they like, 00:11:53.206 --> 00:11:54.246 what they don't like, 00:11:54.246 --> 00:11:57.586 how they perceive the world, and so on, 00:11:57.586 --> 00:11:58.466 what they want. 00:11:58.466 --> 00:12:00.346 So when I put his needs 00:12:00.930 --> 00:12:01.850 first, 00:12:01.850 --> 00:12:05.110 put him as a person at the center, so to speak, 00:12:05.110 --> 00:12:06.950 then that is certainly something 00:12:06.950 --> 00:12:08.370 that contributes to 00:12:08.370 --> 00:12:11.135 this person also feeling good emotionally 00:12:11.135 --> 00:12:13.040 or, to put it another way, 00:12:13.046 --> 00:12:14.626 if I see a person 00:12:14.626 --> 00:12:15.986 if that person experiences 00:12:15.986 --> 00:12:16.866 that there is someone 00:12:16.866 --> 00:12:18.006 who is interested in me, 00:12:18.006 --> 00:12:19.566 who tries to find out 00:12:19.566 --> 00:12:21.906 what problems I might have, 00:12:21.906 --> 00:12:25.966 then this person doesn't have to resort to other means, 00:12:25.966 --> 00: 12:27.586 for example, exhibit behavioral problems 00:12:27.586 --> 00:12:29.546 in order to draw attention to themselves 00:12:29.546 --> 00:12:31.226 to fulfill their needs, 00:12:31.226 --> 00:12:32.826 to overcome their problems. 00:12:32.826 --> 00:12:34.706 Or let's take the area 00:12:34.706 --> 00:12:36.086 that is also important in care, 00:12:36.086 --> 00:12:39.186 that care also encourages movement, 00:12:39.186 --> 00:12:41.606 that in care situations 00:12:41.606 --> 00:12:42.710 can also learn 00:12:42.710 --> 00:12:44.590 to develop new ways of moving. 00:12:44.590 --> 00:12:46.230 Movement is also something 00:12:46.230 --> 00:12:47.730 that is good for the soul. 00:12:47.730 --> 00:12:48.990 And also, 00:12:48,990 - -> 00:12:50,410 let's take the example 00:12:50.410 --> 00:12:51.850 of behavioral problems again, 00:12:51.850 --> 00:12:56.030 people who are very limited 00:12:56.030 --> 00:12:56.950 in their ability to move, 00:12:56.950 --> 00:12:58.210 can develop a wide variety of 00:12:58.210 --> 00:12:59.670 behavioral problems, 00:12:59.670 --> 00:13:01.750 ranging from severe stereotypical behavior 00:13:01.750 --> 00:13:03.570 to self-harming behavior, 00:13:03.570 --> 00:13:06.430 but also many other things. 00:13:06.430 --> 00:13:08.050 So we know that people 00:13:08.050 --> 00:13:09.070 who then just have to sit there 00:13:09.070 --> 00:13:10.670 for example, become restless 00:13:10.670 --> 00:13:11.650 and can't stand it, 00:13:12.130 --> 00: 13:14.690 need opportunities to move around from time to time. 00:13:14.690 --> 00:13:16.990 Or we talked about 00:13:16.990 --> 00:13:18.950 that communication can be encouraged 00:13:18.950 --> 00:13:22.430 can be promoted in care, 00:13:22.750 --> 00:13:23.070 communication opportunities 00:13:23.070 --> 00:13:24.270 When people learn to 00:13:24.270 --> 00:13:26.150 express themselves, to speak up. 00:13:26.150 --> 00:13:27.350 That, too, is something 00:13:27,350 - -> 00:13:28,930 what is good for them, 00:13:28.930 --> 00:13:31.470 what promotes their mental health. 00:13:31.470 --> 00:13:32.450 And what also 00:13:32.450 --> 00:13:34.450 is a good preventive measure against behavioral problems, 00:13:34.450 --> 00:13:37.830 good prevention is the best cure for behavioral problems. 00:13:37.830 --> 00:13:39.370 Many behavioral problems 00:13:39.370 --> 00:13:41.070 can actually be explained by the fact 00:13:41,070 that people feel 00:13:43,290 that they are not being heard 00:13:44.470 --> 00:13:45.270 what they express. 00:13:45.270 --> 00:13:46.270 Or their needs, 00:13:46.270 --> 00:13:47.370 their wishes, their problems 00:13:47.370 --> 00:13:48.530 just can't express them. 00:13:48.530 --> 00:13:49.690 Or feel that 00:13:49.690 --> 00:13:51.210 they won't be heard anyway. 00:13:51.210 --> 00:13:53.298 And then resort to other means, 00:13:53.298 --> 00:13:56.078 to attract attention through aggression. 00:13:56.078 --> 00:13:58.518 Or self-harming behavior can 00:13:58.518 --> 00:13:59.698 also be 00:13:59.698 --> 00:14:01.818 be associated with communication problems. 00:14:02.353 --> 00:14:10.191 How can everyday mealtimes contribute to cultural education, for example? 00:14:10.191 --> 00:14:11.842 I think it's important 00:14:11.842 --> 00:14:14.342 that we look at 00:14:14.342 --> 00:14:18.022 how food consumption actually takes place 00:14:18,022 - -> 00:14:19,262 in our culture. 00:14:19.302 --> 00:14:25.962 Every person needs fluids, 00:14:25.962 --> 00:14:28.102 needs carbohydrates, 00:14:28.102 --> 00:14:29.302 needs trace elements, 00:14:29.302 --> 00:14:30.562 needs fiber, 00:14:30.562 --> 00:14:32.442 but what they consume 00: 14:32.442 --> 00:14:33.802 are meals, 00:14:33.802 --> 00:14:35.102 are drinks, 00:14:35.102 --> 00:14:37.962 i.e. culturally accepted forms 00:14:37.962 --> 00:14:39.062 of food. 00:14:39.062 --> 00:14:40.682 He consumes them and 00:14: 41.506 --> 00:14:43.866 if I now give a person the opportunity to 00:14:43.866 --> 00:14:45.866 get to know these things, so to speak, 00:14:45.866 --> 00:14:48.726 to get to know these things, to perceive 00:14:48.726 --> 00:14:52.026 and to form your own opinion, so to speak, 00:14:52.026 --> 00:14:53.726 develop your own position, 00:14:53.726 --> 00:14:56.706 then you acquire this form 00:14:56.706 --> 00:14:58.966 of food preparation. 00:14:58.966 --> 00:15:00.186 In concrete terms, this means 00:15:00.186 --> 00:15:01.906 I learn, for example, 00:15:01.906 --> 00:15:03.666 that I like sparkling wine or caviar 00:15:03.666 --> 00:15:06.106 or fried potatoes or something like that. 00:15:06.106 --> 00:15:09.106 What has developed in the culture, 00:15:09.106 --> 00:15:10.646 I make it my own, so to speak 00:15:10.646 --> 00:15:12.886 and develop my taste for it 00:15:13.234 --> 00:15:17.374 and then I educated myself in it. 00:15:17.374 --> 00:15:19.994 But what's important when it comes to eating is not just 00:15:19.994 --> 00:15:22.194 that I develop a taste, so to speak, 00:15:22.194 --> 00:15:23.934 for example, for dishes, 00:15:27.874 --> 00:15:29.094 food, 00:15:29.094 --> 00:15:29.594 but also, 00:15:29.594 --> 00:15:30.474 if we consider 00:15:30.474 --> 00:15:32.774 how we actually eat, 00:15:32.774 --> 00:15:34.354 in an ideal situation, so to speak, 00:15:34.354 --> 00:15:38.594 then a situation of food intake, 00:15:38.594 --> 00:15:40.094 for example, eating together, 00:15:40.094 --> 00:15:41.774 in other words, a social situation, 00:15:41.774 --> 00:15:42.794 a situation 00:15:42.794 --> 00:15:44.814 in which people also talk to each other, 00:15:44.814 --> 00:15:45.614 not just about the food, 00:15:45.614 --> 00:15:46.954 but about a thousand other things, 00:15:46.954 --> 00:15:48.734 where you form relationships, 00:15:48.734 --> 00:15:52.174 so to speak, where you communicate, 00:15:52.174 --> 00:15:56.034 where you also develop your skills, 00:15:56.034 --> 00:15:58.274 that's also an important part of education. 00:15:58.274 --> 00:15:59.834 I also acquire skills 00:15:59.994 --> 00:16:01.434 where you use cutlery, 00:16:01.594 --> 00:16:02.904 using dishes 00:16:02.978 --> 00:16:05.218 also part of cultural assets. 00:16:05.218 --> 00:16:06.918 Leon Thier from the Cultural History School 00:16:06.918 --> 00:16:08.018 once said 00:16:08.018 --> 00:16:10.238 when I learn to eat with a spoon, 00:16:10.238 --> 00:16:14.358 I am learning the entire cultural history of the spoon. 00:16:14.358 --> 00:16:17.478 There's actually a whole cultural history behind it. 00:16:17.478 --> 00:16:20.258 So, in a manner of speaking, also the things 00:16:20.258 --> 00:16:20.998 that are there, 00:16:20.998 --> 00:16:22.398 I am learning about them, 00:16:22.398 --> 00:16:23.658 the objects 00:16:23.658 --> 00:16:25.178 with which we consume our food. 00:16:25.178 --> 00:16:27.398 But also this social situation, 00:16:27.398 --> 00:16:29.638 that is also something very important. 00:16:30.359 --> 00:16:38.762 To what extent can good care contribute to the success of further educational opportunities? 00:16:39.266 --> 00:16:41.766 This can actually best be explained by the opposite. 00:16:41.766 --> 00:16:43.866 If a person is poorly cared for, 00:16:43.866 --> 00:16:46.046 that is, if their 00:16:46.046 --> 00:16:49.006 physical and mental well-being, 00:16:49.006 --> 00:16:52.726 then this actually impairs their ability to 00:16:52.726 --> 00:16:54.846 their interest, their willingness, 00:16:54.846 --> 00:16:57.206 their motivation to learn something, 00:16:57.206 --> 00:16:58.226 to do something new. 00:16:58.226 --> 00:16:59.546 So if someone is hungry, 00:16:59.546 --> 00:17:01.026 if someone is in pain, 00:17:01.026 --> 00:17:02.266 that no one cares about, 00:17:02.266 --> 00:17:05.306 if someone is cold, for example, or 00:17:05.306 --> 00:17:06.656 if they are sweating profusely, or simply 00:17:06.657 --> 00:17:09.478 if they are not feeling well physically or mentally, 00:17:09.478 --> 00:17:10.698 if someone is stressed, 00:17:10.698 --> 00:17:13.098 is tense, is under constant stress, 00:17:13.098 --> 00:17:15.117 then he will hardly participate. 00:17:15.117 --> 00:17:17.838 Then you have a student or an employee who 00:17:17.838 --> 00:17:19.637 who is preoccupied with himself, 00:17:19.637 --> 00:17:22.478 namely with his physical discomfort 00:17:22.478 --> 00:17:24.798 and has no sense of 00:17:24.798 --> 00:17:25.778 that he does anything 00:17:26.273 --> 00:17:27.794 where he could learn something 00:17:27.794 --> 00:17:29.094 acquire something. 00:17:29.094 --> 00:17:30.134 Conversely, this means 00:17:30.134 --> 00:17:31.314 that whenever 00:17:31.314 --> 00:17:32.854 when we offer educational opportunities, 00:17:32.854 --> 00:17:35.714 we should also take a look at 00:17:35.714 --> 00:17:37.854 how people are doing. 00:17:37.854 --> 00:17:41.094 For example, whether they have enough fresh air, 00:17:41.094 --> 00:17:42.474 whether they get enough exercise, 00:17:42.474 --> 00:17:44.494 whether they have eaten enough. 00:17:44.494 --> 00:17:46.814 To put it positively again, 00:17:46.814 --> 00:17:49.214 if someone is well cared for, 00:17:49.214 --> 00:17:50.734 in other words, if someone is doing well, 00:17:50.734 --> 00:17:51.754 if someone is full, 00:17:51.754 --> 00:17:53.994 well rested, 00:17:53.994 --> 00:17:55.474 has nice fresh air, 00:17:55.906 --> 00:17:57.426 is in a beautiful environment, 00:17:57.426 --> 00:17:58.346 where they feel comfortable, 00:17:58.346 --> 00:18:00.126 then their desire 00:18:00.126 --> 00:18:01.546 for example, to move, 00:18:01.546 --> 00:18:03.326 to experience movement, 00:18:03.326 --> 00:18:04.826 to learn something, 00:18:04.826 --> 00:18:05.926 to explore the world, 00:18:05.926 --> 00:18:07.686 to look at the surroundings, 00:18:07.686 --> 00:18:09.566 to do things together with other people. 00:18:09.566 --> 00:18:11.706 So good care, 00:18:11.706 --> 00:18:13.146 especially care that 00:18:13.146 --> 00:18:15.526 that also enables people to receive an education, 00:18:15.526 --> 00:18:17.926 is an important prerequisite for 00:18:17.926 --> 00:18:19.486 people 00:18:19.486 --> 00:18:21.106 participate in other educational opportunities. 00:18:23.372 --> 00:18:30.719 What prospects does this open up? 00:18:31.594 --> 00:18:34.074 Well, I think the most important prospect 00:18:34.074 --> 00:18:35.054 is that 00:18:35.054 --> 00:18:38.374 that it is simply recognized, 00:18:38.374 --> 00:18:39.194 taken seriously, 00:18:39.194 --> 00:18:40.734 that we have people here 00:18:40.734 --> 00:18:43.074 who have a right to education. 00:18:43.074 --> 00:18:45.174 That this right to education, 00:18:45.174 --> 00:18:47.134 as clearly stated in the Internal Law Convention 00:18:47.134 --> 00:18:48.874 is clearly expressed once again, 00:18:48.874 --> 00:18:50.054 is exercised, 00:18:50.054 --> 00:18:51.494 that this is implemented. 00:18:51.494 --> 00:18:52.314 Precisely because of this, 00:18:52.314 --> 00:18:54.134 that I use the situation 00:18:54.134 --> 00:18:56.239 that occurs in nursing care 00:18:56.239 --> 00:18:58.614 to also enable these people 00:18:58.614 --> 00:19:00.514 to receive an education. 00:19:00.514 --> 00:19:01.952 The perspective that results from this is 00:19:01.952 --> 00:19:04.586 that it also gives me a clearer picture 00:19:04.586 --> 00:19:06.586 we have of this person, 00:19:07.066 --> 00:19:07.746 can change. 00:19:08.426 --> 00:19:09.846 So that these people 00:19:09.846 --> 00:19:11.826 are no longer reduced to 00:19:11.826 --> 00:19:13.246 that they say, this is someone 00:19:13.246 --> 00:19:14.646 who only needs care. 00:19:14.646 --> 00:19:17.026 This is often associated with the idea 00:19:17.026 --> 00:19:18.026 it's enough 00:19:18.026 --> 00:19:21.006 to keep them fed and clean, 00:19:21.006 --> 00:19:23.306 so if you take care of his physical needs 00:19:23.306 --> 00:19:24.366 and that's all he needs. 00:19:24.366 --> 00:19:25.826 That's an idea, 00:19:25.826 --> 00:19:27.286 it's a view of humanity, so to speak. 00:19:27.286 --> 00:19:29.226 That changes 00:19:29.226 --> 00:19:30.886 when we make an effort 00:19:30.886 --> 00:19:32.406 to show in practice 00:19:32.406 --> 00:19:34.546 that it is possible 00:19:34.546 --> 00:19:36.406 to organize such care situations 00:19:36.406 --> 00:19:37.886 in such a way 00:19:37.886 --> 00:19:39.026 that the person is 00:19:39.026 --> 00:19:41.246 not just someone in need of care, 00:19:41.246 --> 00:19:42.786 but someone who is capable of learning, 00:19:42.786 --> 00:19:43.186 a person 00:19:43.186 --> 00:19:44.046 who can learn something, 00:19:44.046 --> 00:19:45.246 who can develop, 00:19:45.246 --> 00:19:47.806 who can become a personality 00:19:47.806 --> 00:19:50.186 or can further develop his personality. 00:19:50.186 --> 00:19:51.306 And I believe 00:19:51.306 --> 00:19:55.394 that an important perspective is also that of the people 00:19:55.394 --> 00:19:58.110 who provide this care. 00:19:58.110 --> 00:20:00.290 For those who do this, 00:20:00.290 --> 00:20:01.330 I believe 00:20:01.330 --> 00:20:04.210 it is a positive prospect, 00:20:04.210 --> 00:20:06.890 so to speak, it is perhaps 00:20:06.890 --> 00:20:09.490 an enrichment of the activity, 00:20:09.490 --> 00:20:11.150 than can be experienced. 00:20:11.150 --> 00:20:12.230 Without the care, 00:20:12.230 --> 00:20:13.430 which is something important 00:20:13.430 --> 00:20:15.350 and which has its own quality, 00:20:15.350 --> 00:20:16.730 without devaluing it, 00:20:16.730 --> 00:20:17.310 I do believe 00:20:17.310 --> 00:20:19.870 that it can be experienced as an enrichment, 00:20:19.870 --> 00:20:21.490 as an enrichment, 00:20:21.490 --> 00:20:23.070 also by the caregiver themselves 00:20:23.070 --> 00:20:25.454 and if they feel that 00:20:25.454 --> 00:20:27.114 I am giving this person, 00:20:27.114 --> 00:20:28.374 when I care for them, 00:20:28.374 --> 00:20:29.294 even more, so to speak, 00:20:29.294 --> 00:20:31.674 than just physical well-being, 00:20:31.674 --> 00:20:34.434 but I offer him something else, 00:20:34.434 --> 00:20:35.594 which is quite demanding, 00:20:35.594 --> 00:20:36.974 which is also important to him. 00:20:36.974 --> 00:20:37.774 I believe 00:20:37.774 --> 00:20:41.373 I can also contribute to people's satisfaction 00:20:41.373 --> 00:20:44.446 and also contribute to the appreciation of people 00:20:44.450 --> 00:20:45.870 by organizing this care in this way.